| Smart Contract Vulnerabilities | Smart contracts are vulnerable to coding errors and vulnerabilities, such as reentrancy, arithmetic overflow/underflow, and logical errors. These bugs can be exploited to steal funds or disrupt the blockchain functionality. |
| Private Key Management | Weak or compromised private key management can lead to unauthorized access to wallets and accounts. Users must protect their private keys and use secure storage solutions. |
| 51% Attacks | In proof-of-work blockchains, a single entity with more than 51% of the network hash rate can manipulate the blockchain history, reverse transactions, and double spend. It threatens the security and trust in the network. |
| Permission Misconfigurations | Misconfigurations in blockchain permissions can result in unauthorized access or actions on the network. Proper access control and permissions settings are critical to prevent such vulnerabilities. |
| Consensus Protocol Vulnerabilities | Flaws or vulnerabilities in the consensus mechanism of a blockchain can be exploited to disrupt the network operation. It is important to ensure the security and robustness of the chosen consensus algorithm. |